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ABSTRACT ARCHIVE |
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CryoLetters is a bimonthly, international journal for low temperature science and technology |
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CryoLetters 37 (2), 68-76 (2016) CRYOPRESERVATION ON A CRYO-PLATE OF Arundina graminifolia PROTOCORMS, DEHYDRATED WITH SILICA GEL AND DRYING BEADS Luis B. Cordova II and Kanchit Thammasiri* Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Abstract BACKGROUND: There are various methods for the cryopreservation of plant material, with each biological specimen potentially requiring protocol optimization to maximize success. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to compare droplet-vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration, and the cryo-plate method for cryopreservation of protocorms of the orchid Arundina graminifolia, using silica gel and drying beads as the desiccation materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cryo-plate method included preculture of protocorms, developed from seeds, placed on aluminium cryo-plates and embedded in alginate gel. Cryo-plates were surface dried using sterile filter paper, placed in Petri dishes containing 50 g silica gel or 30 g drying beads in a laminar air-flow cabinet. Specimens on cryo-plates were dehydrated to 25% moisture content, placed into 2 mL cryotubes and plunged directly into liquid nitrogen for 1 d. RESULTS: For cryopreservation, the cryo-plate method, involving dehydration with 30 g drying beads gave the highest regrowth (77%), followed by the encapsulation-dehydration method with 30 g drying beads (64% regrowth) and the droplet-vitrification method, following exposure to PVS2 solution for 20 min (33% regrowth). CONCLUSIONS: Regrowth of cryopreserved protocorms using the cryo-plate method was rapid with the highest survival and regrowth. Keywords: Cryopreservation, droplet-vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration, cryo-plate, orchid, protocorm, Arundina graminifolia
CryoLetters 37 (2), 77-87 (2016) MELATONIN-LOADED ALGINATE BEADS IMPROVE CRYOPRESERVATION OF YAM (Dioscorea alata AND D. cayenensis) Esther E. Uchendu1* and E. R. Joachim Keller2 1Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Abstract BACKGROUND: The cryopreservation of yam is constrained with many challenges. OBJECTIVE: This study tested the effects of melatonin on shoot tips of D. alata and D. cayenensis accessions exposed to water and liquid nitrogen (LN) stresses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sucrose pretreatment (0.3 M) was applied for 48 h before cryopreservation. Shoot tips were encapsulated in beads loaded with 0.75 M sucrose, with and without melatonin and desiccated over sterile dry silica gel for 0 - 9 h. RESULTS: The beads moisture content declined from 100% to ~ 13% after 9 h. The 3 h desiccation period without melatonin produced a significantly higher regeneration compared to 6 h and 9 h. Shoot tips with melatonin had significantly higher regeneration after 3 - 6 h desiccation compared to 9 h and the regeneration of all accessions after 6 h was >80%. Regeneration following 6 h desiccation and LN was significantly greater for melatonin-treated shoot tips compared to non-treated ones. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that melatonin significantly increased regeneration from 15% to 35%. Keywords: antioxidant, Dioscorea spp., desiccation, encapsulation-dehydration, melatonin, oxidative stress, and plant tissue culture
CryoLetters 37 (2), 88-102 (2016) THE REVASCULARIZATION AND FOLLICULAR SURVIVAL OF MOUSE OVARIAN GRAFTS TREATED WITH FSH DURING CRYOPRESERVATION BY VITRIFICATION Hong Zhang#1, Yanzhou Yang#1, Wenye Ma1, Hao Wu2, 1Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key
Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia; Department of Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University; Tissue Organ Bank & Tissue Engineering Centre,
General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 75004, P.R. China. Abstract BACKGROUND: Ovarian cryopreservation by vitrification is a very effective pathway for the preservation of female fertility during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, damage of follicles was triggered by cryo-injure during the process of ovarian vitrification and ischemia/reperfusion during the process of ovarian transplantation. Appropriate FSH play important roles in anti-apoptosis and neoangiogenesis during ovarian follicle development. OBJECTIVE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of FSH on the revascularization and follicular survival of vitrified-warmed ovarian grafts. MATERIALS AND TMETHODS: Four-week-old C57BL/6J mice with diestrus were used and the ovaries were randomized into the following three groups: fresh control group (FCG), vitrified/warmed group (VCG) and vitrified/warmed group treated with 0.3 IU/mL FSH (FSH-VG) during ovarian vitrification. After warming, the ovaries of the three groups were allotransplanted into the renal capsule of receptor mice. Assessment of follicular quantity was performed by histological analysis. The angiogenesis factors, CD31 and MMP-2, and cell survival factors, PCNA, EdU and survivin were examined by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Angiogenesis was detected by vascular perfusion with the fluorescent dye 2MD-FITC-Dextran. RESULTS: The expression of CD31and MMP-2 were not significantly different in either VCG or FSH-VG compared with FCG, but when the ovaries were transplanted 48 hours later, the expression levels of CD31 and MMP-2 were lower for VCG than FCG (P < 0.05) and FSH-VG was not significantly different from FCG. Before transplantation, the expression levels of PCNA and survivin were lower for VCG and FSH-VG than FCG (p < 0.05), but FSH-VG was higher than VCG (p < 0.05). After 48 h of ovarian transplantation, the expression of survivin was lower for VCG than FCG (P < 0.05), but FSH-VG was not significantly different from FCG. In addition, these data were further supported by the results from detecting the 2MD-FITC-Dextran and EdU. CONCLUSION: Taken together, supplementation with 0.3 IU/mL FSH during ovarian cryopreservation by vitrification increased the revascularization and follicular survival for mouse ovarian grafts through the up-regulated expression of angiogenesis and ovarian survival factors. Keywords: Ovarian vitrified cryopreservation, Heterotopic transplantation, Revascularization, Follicular survival
CryoLetters 37 (2), 103-109 (2016) EFFECT OF CELL MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY PROTEIN ON PORCINE OOCYTE VITRIFICATION Van Hanh Nguyen1*, Viet Linh Nguyen1, Nghia Son Hoang2 1Laboratory of Embryo Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi Abstract BACKGROUND: The discovery of proteins with inherent cell membrane-translocating activity will expand our ability to study and manipulate various intracellular processes in living systems. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effect of TAT-EGFP (trans-activator of transcription-enhanced green fluorescent protein) intra-cellular delivery on the survival and development of mature porcine oocytes after cryopreservasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from follicles 3 to 6 mm in diameter in abattoir-derived oocytesries of prepubertal gilts were on vitro matured (IVM). After IVM, the oocytes were used for TAT-EGFP delivery test and cryopreservation with and without TAT-EGFP supplementation. Oocyte viability was assayed by staining with fluorescein diacetate. Live oocytes were parthened and cultured in vitro, to assess their ability to be activated and to therefore develop. RESULTS: The results show that the TAT-EGFP was well delivered into the nuclear of the Hela cell and oocytes also. In the medium toxic test, the proportion of viable oocytes in seven groups showed no significance. In vitrification experiments, the viability of oocytes in group supplemented with TAT-EGFP was significantly higher than that in the without TAT-EGFP group and the control groups (27.7%, 90.4%, and 100%, respectively). Among the three groups, the developmental abilities of oocytes in the supplement TAT-EGFP, EGFP and Control groups revealed that the vitrified group had a significantly reduced ability to undergo first cleavage (34.4%, 63.3%, and 69.0%, respectively). CONCLUSION: the supplement of TAT-EGFP protein into vitrification medium does not affect the viability of the oocytes whereas it improved the viability and developmental potential of oocytes after it was vitrified. Keywords: cell membrane permeability protein, porcine oocytes, vitrification, cryopreservation
CryoLetters 37 (2), 110-114 (2016) CARDIAC MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE CAPACITY IS PARTLY PRESERVED AFTER CRYOPRESERVATION WITH DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE Alain Meyer1,2*, Anne-Laure Charles1, François Singh1,2,
1Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg; Abstract BACKGROUND: Cardiac muscle cryopreservation is a challenge for both diagnostic procedure requiring viable tissues and therapeutic advance in regenerative medicine. Mitochondria are targets of both direct and indirect damages, secondary to congelation per se and/or to cryoprotectant’s toxic effects, which participate to diminution of viability and/or functioning of cells after freezing. At the cardiac muscle level, only one study had investigated mitochondrial respiration after cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of cryopreservation on mitochondrial respiration of cardiac muscle. MATERIALS AND TMETHODS: We recorded mitochondrial respiration through complexes I, II, III and IV along with mitochondrial coupling in fresh and cryopreserved rat left ventricles samples and assessed difference of the means, correlation and agreement between the measures in all samples. RESULTS: Mitochondrial respiration was partly maintained up to 70% in cryopreserved samples whatever the substrate. A significant correlation was observed between fresh and cryopreserved samples (r = 0.71, p<0.0001). However, mitochondrial coupling significantly decreased after cryopreservation (- 1.44 ± 0.15; p <0.005) suggesting that mitochondrial intactness was not totally preserved by cryopreservation. Further, the fluctuations around the mean difference were wide (-14.06, +5.08 µmol/min/g), increasing with respiration rates (p <0.0001). CONCLUSION: Thus, fresh samples extemporaneous analysis should be preferred when available despite the fact that cryopreservation using DMSO partly protect cardiac mitochondrial respiration and coupling. These data support the interest to further refine cryopreservation methods. Keywords: heart, muscle, mitochondria, oxygraphy, cryopreservation, DMSO
CryoLetters 37 (2), 115-122 (2016) EFFECT OF MELATONIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON CRYOPRESERVED SPERM QUALITY IN MOUSE Xue-jiao Chen 1, Yue Zhang 1, Gong-xue Jia 2, Qing-gang Meng 3,*,
1Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu. Abstract BACKGROUND: Antioxidants protect spermatozoa against cell damage during cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether melatonin supplement in the extender may improve the quality of cryopreserved mouse sperm. METHODS: Kunming mice sperm frozen in extender R18S3 (18% (w/v) rafӿnose and 3% (w/v) skim milk) supplemented with melatonin were thawed and evaluated. RESULTS: Mouse spermatozoa were cryopreserved in the freezing extender R18S3 that contained melatonin at 0, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL melatonin. The extender without melatonin supplement was associated with increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased sperm motility. Melatonin supplement at 0.125 mg/mL significantly increased the progressive motility of sperm in comparison to other melatonin concentration or control. The percentage of thawed viable sperm with ROS was lower in the melatonin-treated groups than in untreated group. Melatonin supplement also increased antiapoptotic gene Bcl-xl expression in the thawed sperm. CONCLUSION: Supplement of 0.125 mg/mL melatonin could reduce oxidative damage and apoptosis. Keywords: Mouse spermatozoa, cryopreservation, melatonin, ROS, apoptotic genes
CryoLetters 37 (2), 123-128 (2016) COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF SLOW FREEZING AND VITRIFICATION ON CRYOSURVIVAL OF SPERMATOZOA OBTAINED FROM WEST AFRICAN DWARF GOAT BUCKS Daramola J.O.* and Adekunle, E.O. Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, P.M.B 2240, Ogun State, Nigeria. Abstract BACKGROUND: Slow freezing and vitrification are used to improve the viability of spermatozoa from various species but comparative effects of these cryoprotocols have never been evaluated for spermatozoa obtained from West African Dwarf (WAD) goat bucks. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the comparative effects of slow freezing and vitrification on the viability of spermatozoa of WAD goat bucks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen samples collected with the aid of artificial vagina were allocated to slow freezing and vitrification protocols and cryopreserved for 30 days in liquid nitrogen. RESULTS: Consistent higher (P<0.05) sperm motility, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, live sperm, acrosome reaction and capacitation in slow freezing compared to vitrification. Abnormal sperm cells and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations reduced (P<0.05) in slow freezing compared to vitrification. Higher (P<0.05) arginase activity was observed in slow freezing compared to vitrification. CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that spermatozoa obtained from WAD goat bucks were better preserved in slow freezing compared to vitrification. Keywords: Freezing, goat, oxidative stress, sperm viability
CryoLetters 37 (2), 129-136 (2016) BOTH DEATH RECEPTOR AND MITOCHONDRIA MEDIATED APOPTOTIC PATHWAYS PARTICIPATED THE OCCURRENCE OF APOPTOSIS IN PORCINE VITRIFIED MII STAGE OOCYTES Jianjun Dai1,2, Yingfang Niu1,2, Caifeng Wu1,2, Shushan Zhang1,2 1Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China Abstract BACKGROUND: Oocytes vitrification is widely used for cryopreservation of female genetic resources. OBJECTIVE: In order to illuminate the apoptotic pathways of porcine MII stage oocytes after vitrification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study used in situ fluorescence staining and RT-PCR to detect the expression levels of some key molecules from death receptor and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways. RESULTS: (1) Early stage apoptosis were detected in both PI staining survival oocytes and PI staining dead oocytes. (2) The fluorescence intensity of caspase 8, caspase 9, caspase 3 and pan caspase from vitrified oocytes were 32.03, 16.56, 16.70 and 8.43 respectively, which were much higher than those from fresh oocytes (4.02, 4.83, 4.23 and 3.08, P < 0.05). (3) Not only the genes from death receptor mediated apoptotic pathway, but also from mitochondrial mediated apoptotic pathway were changed greatly. CONCLUSION: The death of porcine vitrified oocytes could be induced by apoptosis, both death receptor and mitochondria mediated apoptotic pathways participated the occurrence of apoptosis in porcine vitrified MII stage oocytes. Keywords: pig; oocytes; vitrification; caspase activity; apoptotic pathway
CryoLetters 37 (2), 137-141 (2016) DOG SPERM CRYOPRESERVATION USING ONE STEP DILUTION WITH GLYCEROL-FREE TRIS EXTENDER Md. Ataur Rahman, Sang-Hyun Park and Il-JeoungYu* Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596,
Republic of Korea. Abstract OBJECTIVE: The present study was to investigate a freezing method using one step-dilution with glycerol-free TRIS extender containing 172.2 mM glucose (GFTG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sperm pellet from selected ejaculates was resuspended in GFTG at 1×108 cells/mL. The semen was cooled for 10, 30, 50 or 70 min in GFTG at 4°C and was frozen in LN2 vapor or in deep freezer (-80°C, DF) for 20 min before plunge into LN2. Post-thaw sperm characteristics were examined. The phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation (Annexin V-FITC) and DNA integrity (TUNEL assay) were assessed using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Progressive motility and viability were significantly higher in 50 and 70 min groups than the other groups (P<0.05). PS translocation index was significantly lower in spermatozoa cooled for 50 or 70 min compared to 10 min (P<0.05). Freezing methods using LN2 vapor showed higher progressive motility than DF method (P<0.05), while viability and DNA fragmentation were not different between two freezing methods. CONCLUSION: Cryopreservation of canine sperm cooled for 50 or 70 min following one step dilution in GFTG yields more viable sperm with lower PS translocation and freezing method using LN2 vapor is more effective on progressive motility. Keywords: canine sperm, cryopreservation, DNA integrity, glycerol-free TRIS, PS translocation |
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For Abstracts published from meetings, such as SLTB meetings, go to the
relevant Volume Year of the journal (above). For Full text Free Access Content (from 2000 onwards) go to CryoLetters at Ingenta and look for the blue symbol. |
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